Are Dental x-rays safe? Everything you need to know
29th September 2026
If your dentist has recommended a dental X-ray, you may have wondered: are dental X-rays safe? It is completely understandable to have questions about radiation and whether having an X-ray could be harmful.
The good news is that modern dental X-rays use a very small amount of radiation and are considered safe when they are clinically necessary and taken appropriately. Dental X-rays are an important part of modern dentistry because they allow your dentist to see areas that cannot be examined during a routine dental examination.
At Knightsfield Dental Practice in Welwyn Garden City, we only recommend dental X-rays when they are clinically appropriate and when the information they provide can help with your dental care.
What is a dental X-ray?
A dental X-ray uses a small amount of radiation to create an image of your teeth, roots and surrounding bone. Unlike a standard dental examination, an X-ray can show what is happening beneath the surface.
For example, dental X-rays can help your dentist identify:
- Tooth decay that cannot be seen during a visual examination
- Problems below existing fillings or crowns
- Infections around the root of a tooth
- Changes to the jawbone
- Impacted or developing teeth
- Bone loss associated with gum disease
- The position of teeth before certain dental treatments
- Problems that may not yet be causing symptoms
This means dental X-rays can help your dentist diagnose problems earlier and plan the most appropriate treatment.
How much radiation is in a dental X-ray?
One of the most common concerns about dental X-rays is radiation exposure.
Modern dental X-ray equipment uses a very low dose of radiation. The exact amount depends on the type of X-ray being taken, but exposure from a dental X-ray is generally very small.
For perspective, we are exposed to naturally occurring background radiation every day from the environment around us. Dental X-rays add only a small amount to this exposure.
Digital dental X-ray technology has also helped reduce radiation doses compared with older film-based systems.
Are dental X-rays harmful?
When dental X-rays are taken using appropriate equipment and techniques, the level of radiation exposure is very low.
As with any exposure to ionising radiation, dentists follow the principle of using the lowest reasonable dose necessary to obtain the diagnostic information required.
Your dentist will consider factors such as your dental history, age, symptoms and previous X-rays before deciding whether another X-ray is necessary.
This is why you may not need an X-ray at every dental appointment.
How often should you have dental X-rays?
There is no single schedule that applies to everyone.
How often you need dental X-rays depends on your individual oral health and your dentist’s clinical assessment.
Someone with a low risk of dental disease may need X-rays less frequently, while someone with a higher risk of tooth decay, gum disease or other dental problems may need them more regularly.
Your dentist will consider your individual circumstances rather than taking X-rays simply because a certain amount of time has passed.
Do children need dental X-rays?
Sometimes.
Children may need dental X-rays to monitor developing teeth, check the position of permanent teeth or investigate areas that cannot be assessed adequately during a visual examination.
Because children are more sensitive to radiation than adults, dentists take particular care to ensure that an X-ray is clinically justified and that exposure is kept as low as reasonably achievable.
Are dental X-rays safe during pregnancy?
If you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant, always tell your dentist before having an X-ray.
Dental X-rays may sometimes be necessary during pregnancy, particularly if there is a dental problem that requires diagnosis. Your dentist will carefully consider whether the X-ray is needed and will take appropriate precautions to minimise radiation exposure.
Importantly, delaying necessary dental treatment can sometimes allow a dental problem to become more serious. Your dentist can discuss the benefits and risks with you and explain why an X-ray may or may not be recommended.
Why does my dentist need an X-ray if my teeth don’t hurt?
Dental problems do not always cause symptoms straight away.
You can have tooth decay, bone loss, an infection or another dental problem without experiencing pain. An X-ray can sometimes identify changes before they become obvious during a routine examination.
This is one reason why dental X-rays can be a valuable diagnostic tool. They give your dentist additional information that cannot be obtained simply by looking at your teeth.
Are dental X-rays necessary before every treatment?
Not necessarily.
Your dentist will assess whether an X-ray is required based on the treatment you are considering and your individual circumstances.
For some treatments, an X-ray can provide important information about the health and position of your teeth, roots and surrounding bone. For other situations, an X-ray may not be necessary.
At Knightsfield Dental Practice, we take a patient-centred approach and only recommend X-rays when there is a clinical reason for doing so.
What happens during a dental X-ray?
Dental X-rays are quick and straightforward.
Depending on the type of X-ray required, you may be asked to bite gently onto a small holder.
You will need to remain still while the image is taken. The actual exposure takes only a very short time.
Your dentist can then examine the image alongside your clinical examination and use the information to help diagnose any problems and plan your treatment.
Are digital dental X-rays safer?
Modern digital dental X-ray systems can provide high-quality images using a low radiation dose.
Digital images can also be viewed quickly, enlarged and enhanced where appropriate, helping your dentist assess specific areas in greater detail.
However, the important point is not simply whether an X-ray is digital. The X-ray should be clinically justified and taken using appropriate equipment and techniques.
What are the benefits of dental X-rays?
Although people understandably focus on radiation exposure, it is also important to consider the benefits of dental X-rays.
They can help your dentist:
- Detect problems that cannot be seen during a routine examination
- Diagnose dental infections
- Identify hidden tooth decay
- Assess bone levels
- Check developing or impacted teeth
- Assess teeth before certain treatments
- Monitor changes over time
- Plan treatment more accurately
Early diagnosis can sometimes mean that dental problems can be treated before they become more complicated.
So, are dental X-rays safe?
Yes. Dental X-rays are considered safe when they are clinically necessary and appropriate precautions are taken.
Modern dental X-ray equipment uses very low levels of radiation, and your dentist will consider whether an X-ray is necessary before recommending one.
If you have concerns about dental X-rays, don’t be afraid to ask your dentist. We can explain why an X-ray has been recommended, what information it will provide and how it will help with your dental care.
Dental X-rays in Welwyn Garden City
At Knightsfield Dental Practice in Welwyn Garden City, we use dental X-rays as an important diagnostic tool when clinically appropriate. Our team will always explain why an X-ray is recommended and answer any questions you may have.
If you would like to find out more about dental X-rays or would like to arrange an appointment, contact Knightsfield Dental Practice in Welwyn Garden City and our friendly team will be happy to help.
Frequently Asked Questions
How much radiation do you get from a dental X-ray?
Dental X-rays use a very small amount of radiation. The exact dose varies depending on the type of X-ray required, but modern dental X-ray equipment is designed to minimise radiation exposure while producing the diagnostic information your dentist needs.
Can dental X-rays cause cancer?
Dental X-rays use ionising radiation, which can carry a small theoretical risk. However, the radiation dose from modern dental X-rays is very low. Dentists therefore only recommend X-rays when they are clinically justified and take steps to minimise unnecessary exposure.
How often should I have dental X-rays?
Your dentist will decide how often you need X-rays based on factors such as your oral health, dental history, age and risk of dental disease.
Can I refuse a dental X-ray?
You can discuss any concerns with your dentist before having an X-ray. Your dentist can explain why they are recommending it and what information they need. You can then make an informed decision about your care.
Are dental X-rays safe for children?
Dental X-rays can be used safely in children when they are clinically necessary. Dentists take particular care with children and only recommend an X-ray when the expected diagnostic benefit justifies the radiation exposure.
BACK TO BLOG